The official gov.uk New State Pension guide explains who can claim, State Pension age, National Insurance qualifying years and how to apply. You usually need at least 10 qualifying years to receive anything, while 35 years may be needed for the full rate, although transitional rules can affect people with an earlier National Insurance record. Use the gov.uk State Pension forecast service to check your own record and estimated entitlement. The Department for Work and Pensions makes the final decision based on your circumstances.